The Resilience of Arctic Ice: Unveiling a Vibrant Ecosystem beneath the Frozen Surface in Extreme Cold Conditions.
The discovery of diatoms capable of movement at -15°C sets a new biological record, challenging previous assumptions about ice-bound microbial life. This finding, showcased in the study led by Manu Prakash, a professor of Bioengineering at Stanford, showcases the resilience and adaptability of these microalgae in extreme polar conditions.
The finding that changed the idea of “dead” ice
The expedition to the Chukotka Sea, between Russia and Alaska, revealed the surprising activity of diatoms within ice cores. Contrary to previous beliefs, these microalgae not only survive but actively move and respire even at temperatures as low as -15°C. This discovery challenges traditional notions of ice as a lifeless environment and sheds light on the dynamic ecosystems hidden beneath the icy surface.
How they manage to move at −15 °C
The mechanism behind diatoms’ movement at -15°C involves the secretion of mucilage, a viscous substance that facilitates sliding on the icy surface. Molecular proteins like actin and myosin enable these microalgae to generate movement, akin to muscle function in humans. Despite the harsh conditions, Arctic diatoms exhibit remarkable speed and agility, suggesting evolutionary adaptations that allow them to thrive in frozen environments.
An ecosystem hidden beneath the snow
The discovery of active microalgae in icy environments not only highlights their survival capabilities but also underscores the potential for nutrient redistribution and ecosystem shaping within the ice. However, this revelation also serves as a sobering reminder of the impact of climate change on Arctic ecosystems and the risk of losing invaluable biodiversity and ecological knowledge as these habitats vanish.
What the ice still holds
As global temperatures rise, the resilience of life in extreme environments like the Arctic becomes a poignant reminder of nature’s tenacity. Despite the challenges posed by -15°C temperatures, these diatoms persist, silently shaping microecosystems within the ice. This finding underscores the importance of understanding and preserving these unique ecosystems in the face of ongoing environmental changes.
